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| Periodic Trends: Ionic Radii |
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| If an atom loses electrons, the ion gets smaller; if it gains electrons, the ion gets bigger. An ionic radius of an atom is measured in a crystal lattice which requires a solid form of the compound. X-ray crystallography is used for this. A chart shows examples that compare ion sizes to atom sizes in metals and non-metals. Use the link "Click to view interactive" in the lesson to view a video (not interactive) that explains atomic and ionic radii. Also included is a summary of the lesson and review questions. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-chemistry-flexbook-2.0/section/6.20/primary/lesson/ionic-radii-chem/?referrer=search |
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| Atom |
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| Building blocks for planets and people, atoms are the tiniest bits of an element that retain the unique chemical properties of that element. Examine atomic structure and investigate atomic models. Find pictures and diagrams of atoms and molecules. Explore electrical charges within an atom. Just as the telescope opened up new discoveries about space, the microscope helped humans learn about the tiniest bits of matter. Discover how atomic models have changed over time. Meet the scientists who have contributed to our knowledge about atoms. |
| Topic: Atoms; Atomic structure |
| URL: https://www.neok12.com/Atom.htm |
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| A Boy and His Atom: The World?s Smallest Movie |
Grade Level:
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| IBM Research scientists created an extraordinary animation using carbon monoxide (CO) atoms magnified to over one hundred million times their actual size. To get a perspective of just how tiny this is, if an atom were the size of an orange, then the orange would be the size of Earth. IBM scientists created 242 still images of the atoms and then put them together to create ?A Boy and His Atom.? A second video explains how they were able to do this with a tool that could move atoms to create the animation image by image. |
| Topic: Atoms; Animated films |
| URL: https://thekidshouldseethis.com/post/ibm-boy-and-his-atom-smallest-movie |
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| Thomson's Atomic Model |
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| Atoms were first discovered in 1804 by John Dalton. He believed that they were the smallest particles of matter. In 1897, a British scientist named Joseph John Thomson discovered particles inside the atom. Read about Thomson's experiments that led to finding electrons. He used a plum pudding model to illustrate how he believed an atom can be mostly positive in charge (the pudding) with negatively charged electrons (plums) scattered through it. Today, however, we know that the positive charge is concentrated in an atom's nucleus with electrons swirling around in the empty space surrounding the nucleus--as shown in a colorful illustration. This lesson includes a summary, review questions, and a video for further study on the Thomson model of the atom. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/plum-pudding-atomic-model/lesson/Thomsons-Atomic-Model-MS-PS/ |
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| Atoms |
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| Have you ever seen the inside of an atom? Actually, no one has. Theoretically, an atom isn't the smallest bit possible, but subatomic particles are no longer elements. Electrons zoom around the nucleus, but they move so fast that they aren't really like satellites in orbit. Some models show fuzzy orbitals instead of actually marking individual electrons. Find out how molecules are built. Learn about ions and isotopes. Investigate the history of scientific research into atoms. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://www.explainthatstuff.com/atoms.html |
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| Atoms from A to Easy! |
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| Zoom in on an atom, like one of the billions that make up a cell phone. A clay model shows what an atom might look like. The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons. Negatively-charged electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels that can only hold a certain number of electrons. Take a look at the quantum model of an atom on the x, y, and z-axis. Explore the electron configurations for magnesium and chlorine. The valence electrons are those in the outermost energy level. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://ed.ted.com/best_of_web/YlZZblvz |
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| Atomic Forces |
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| What three forces act inside an atom? They are an electromagnetic force, a strong nuclear force, and a weak nuclear force. This lesson looks at all three using illustrations, review questions, and a video on the two types of nuclear forces. You have an option to launch an online page that challenges you to build a helium atom. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/atomic-forces-in-chemistry/lesson/Atomic-Forces-MS-PS/ |
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| The Periodic Table Interactive |
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| Here is your chance to learn all about chemistry using the Periodic Table of the Elements. Start with the basics and review the history of the concept of matter and chemistry. Learn about the basic structure of the atom. On this site, you can print out a Periodic Table for you to study. Once you have learned a little about the elements, test your knowledge by playing "Name That Atom." This interactive site will provide you with hours of fun as you learn all about chemical elements. |
| Topic: Chemical elements; Atoms; Periodic table |
| URL: https://www.learner.org/series/interactive-the-periodic-table/ |
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| How Atoms Work |
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| "Harnessing the power of the atom" is how some people have described developing nuclear energy and nuclear bombs. Physicists learned to split the tiny atom. An atom is like one paper clip in a pile of paper clips. It's the smallest piece that still has all the characteristics of that element. Investigate atomic theory and atomic weight. Mendeleev developed the first periodic table, but it had some gaps because certain elements hadn't yet been discovered. Find out who discovered the electron and the nucleus and what we know about the parts of the atom. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://science.howstuffworks.com/atom.htm/printable |
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| The Bohr Atom |
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| What are the major parts of an atom? Paul Andersen explains what the electrons are doing inside the atom, a fact first discovered by Niels Bohr. See how a Bohr model concept map helps explain what electrons are doing and how they move. The number of electrons dictates where an element appears on the Periodic Table. The properties of atoms are built on these electrons. Learn what it means for an electron to be "quantized." Andersen leaves you with a review question under "Did You Learn?" |
| Topic: Atoms; Electrons |
| URL: http://www.bozemanscience.com/ap-phys-004-the-atom |
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| What is the Universe Made of? |
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| The atoms around you have existed for billions of years -- and most originated in the flaming, gaseous core of a star. Dennis Wildfogel tells the captivating tale of these atoms' long journeys from the Big Bang to the molecules they form today. |
| Topic: Atoms; Space sciences |
| URL: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-is-the-universe-made-of-dennis-wildfogel |
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| HeadSqueeze: Why Do Hot Things Glow? |
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| Greg Foot of HeadSqueeze answers the ?burning? question of, ?Why do hot things glow?? Everything is made of atoms, and when they are heated, they gain thermal energy and start to vibrate and emit electromagnetic waves of different colors. When a piece of metal is heated, it begins to glow red, which is the electromagnetic radiation our eyes perceive as red. Heating it even hotter can change the colors to orange, yellow, green, and blue at various temperatures. At about 1,500 degrees Celsius when all the colors appear at once, the object glows white hot. |
| Topic: Heat; Atoms |
| URL: https://thekidshouldseethis.com/post/why-do-hot-things-glow-video |
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| Just How Small Is an Atom? |
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| If each atom in a grapefruit were the size of a blueberry, the grapefruit would be the size of the Earth. Perhaps that gives you some idea of the incredibly small size of an atom. If the atom were the size of a football stadium, the nucleus would be the size of a marble. Most of the atom is filled with empty space. The density of the nucleus is comparable to the mass of about 6.2 billion cars fitting in a cube that is one foot on each side. |
| Topic: Atoms; Atomic mass |
| URL: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/just-how-small-is-an-atom |
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| Atoms and the Periodic Table |
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| What do you learn from looking at the Periodic Table? Paul Andersen takes you on a tour of the atoms and elements that make up the table. The entire table is organized according to the atomic number (the number of protons) of one atom of an element. Find out what the different numbers and letters mean inside the box for each element and how the rows are organized vertically. He takes you through a number of examples to reinforce the lesson. |
| Topic: Periodic table; Atoms |
| URL: https://www.bozemanscience.com/atoms-the-periodic-table |
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| How Small Is an Atom? |
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| The tiny atom is the basic building block of everything, so how small is it? If you were to lay atoms side by side to span the width of a human hair, it would take half a million of them! Here?s another comparison. Your fist contains trillions upon trillions of atoms, but if each atom were the size of a marble, your fist would be the size of planet Earth! Staggering, isn?t it? The atom is further explained by its components: protons, neutrons and electrons, as well as the not-so-empty space between them. |
| Topic: Atoms |
| URL: https://thekidshouldseethis.com/post/kurzgesagt-how-small-is-an-atom |
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| Chemistry |
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| In chemistry, everything begins with the atom. Learn about atoms, atomic number, atomic weight, atomic mass, molecules, and ions in the introductory videos from Khan Academy. Watch videos on the "heart" of chemistry which is how molecules react to one another. Learn about the periodic table and how it helps you understand the arrangement of atoms in chemical bonds. Find out about the three states of matter: solids, gases, and liquids. There are tutorials on acids and bases, kinetics, and nuclear chemistry. |
| Topic: Chemistry; Atoms |
| URL: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/hs-chemistry |